Mission I Photos

(How we are taking aerial pictures of our school!)

Introduction

Smith fifth-grade classes are studying the American Civil War. Part of our studies focuses on the technology that was used at that time. Among these early technologies was the use of balloons for aerial observation. We hope to do some observing of our own, perhaps with both video and still cameras, of our school and the surrounding area. We anticipate a wide range of problems to overcome. These are some we've thought of. Let us know if you think of anything we've overlooked!

John Livingston
Room 125
Smith Elementary

Matthew Brady Photos of Civil War Balloons Now Online

The balloons have arrived, thanks to the Keith Koehler and the wonderful folks at NASA! They came 3/31/98 - one-day service from Wallops Island.
Here we are unpacking one. (Yes, we did handle it very carefully and then returned it to its container.)

Problem & Solution Chart by Caitlin Holzworth and Megan Pham

Problem

Solution

Finding a balloon

Help from NASA?
Keith Koehler at NASA Wallops comes through big time!

Air traffic

Call Langley AFB = Max. alt. 400 feet
Given clearance to 450' day of 1st flight, but radio range limited to about 200. Clearance edges up to around 500' on subsequent flights. We fudge a bit past that.

Kind of rope to use? Strong but light. Nylon?

NASA Langley's Jeff Hinkley recommends 20 pound test. We test kite line to 5kg limit of scale.

Ensure max alt. not > 400'

Pre-measured monofilament? We measure circumference of hose reel drum. Count revolutions as we wind line. Put varicolored flags at every 50' as indicators.

How high the balloon has to go

Minimum 300 feet. Turns out due to inability to accurately aim the cameras, 500 feet is closer to reality.

How many people have to hold the rope

E-mail Megan's dad about it
Two hose reels with two to three kids each sufficient. Happier with a third line on gusty days.

Weight of video camera

Used spring scale = 5.5 pounds
Still compact camera about 1 pound. Complete "Gizmo" about 2 pounds on 5/4/98 with Canon compact. Ice chest rig with motor-drive Nikon tips scale at 5 pounds, but works brilliantly.

Rope burn

Wear gloves (James Redmiles brings batter's gloves, work perfectly)/use winches. Naomi suggests hose reels. Brilliant! Mr. Baumgardner & Mrs. Black supply their hose reels, plus my kite reel. Mr. B. and Mrs. B. grow weary of garden hose entanglements at home. Hit up PTA for our own?

Balloon flying away with camera

Multiple tethers. Finally settled on three. Coordinating the releasing and gathering of line somewhat of a headache.

Supplier for rope?

Mrs. Siemann, etc. Used nylon kite line, then monofilament.

Weather

Visit Weather-Related Sites, Call Airport?
Stuck with lousy day on first mission due to tank having to go back. Two subsequent attempts better.

Supplier for helium?

Mrs. Ostendorff aware of supplier - What grade helium? Party tanks only 50% He?

How big a balloon/how much helium needed?

E-mail NASA scientist Ed Celarier
One large, industrial-grade tank good for two flights of 300g balloon. Approx. cost per flight: $50.

Camera Stability & Aiming

Multiple lines. Not a big problem with still camera, even on a windy day. Higher shutter speeds/faster film would help (400 asa initially).

Mission II went to 800 ASA film with 20mm Nikon. Some slight fuzziness probably due to camera motion, but it was very windy.

Still camera triggering, lens choice, etc.

E-mail Mr. L's photographer brother in law.
Cannibalized Mr. L's son's radio control car. Limited range to about 200 feet. Cannibalized Melody Black's hubby's serious R/C car (nice Futaba set) range seems well beyond the 600 feet or so we reached.

How to attach lines?

Wrap balloons in netting?
(We ended up just attaching everything to the balloon's nozzle with nylon wire ties. Works okay, but is fraught with peril.

Some related sites:


NASA's Wallops Island Test Facility

NASA's Scientific Ballooning Program

Ultra Long-Range Ballooning Workshop (out of date, but interesting)

Scientific Sales Meterological Balloons Page

National Weather Service Forecast Office, Sterling, Virginia, Balloon Launch

Weather Balloon Being Inflated with Helium

The Lawn Chair Balloonist (not to be attempted at home!)